Podguzov noted that such a population size could stimulate economic growth; however, it will also create significant pressure on infrastructure. Breakthroughs in energy efficiency, optimization of transport systems, and water resource management are essential for the successful development of the region.
He also pointed out the region's vulnerability to climate change, emphasizing that by 2028, an increase in water deficit is expected, which could reach 5-12 cubic kilometers per year. Podguzov added that a significant portion of water resources is lost due to outdated infrastructure. The EDB is actively involved in financing projects aimed at modernizing irrigation, implementing water-saving technologies, and digital accounting of water resources in Central Asia.
Furthermore, Podguzov discussed the geographical factors affecting the region's development. The region is located more than 3000 km from ocean ports, leading to increased transportation costs by 20-40% and a reduction in economic growth rates by 1.5 percentage points per year. He termed this issue as a "distance tax" and emphasized that improving transport connectivity is necessary to address it. In this regard, the EDB proposed a concept for creating a Eurasian transport framework, which includes a network of corridors to reduce logistics costs and accelerate trade.
Podguzov also highlighted the importance of transport routes not only from east to west but also from north to south, including the potential Trans-Afghan corridor, which could open access to the markets of South Asia and the Persian Gulf.
In his opinion, Central Asia is one of the fastest-growing regions in the world. By 2026, the economy of the five countries in the region is expected to reach $600 billion. However, to achieve these results, it is essential first to address key issues such as demographics, transport, and water resources, which are interconnected.
According to UNICEF, the population of the region may exceed 84 million by 2025.
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the Eurasian Development Bank, established in 2006 at the initiative of Russia and Kazakhstan. The organization's headquarters is located in Almaty.
The EDB functions as an international financial institution aimed at developing economic ties and supporting member countries, including Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan. Uzbekistan joined the bank in 2025.
