Among the many traditional holidays of the Kyrgyz, such as Orozo Ait, Kurman Ait, and Chechkor, Nauryz holds a special place. This holiday symbolizes not only a specific date but also a sense of new beginnings associated with the arrival of spring.
The origins of Nauryz date back to ancient times, going back to the 7th-6th centuries BC. It embodies the renewal of nature and the beginning of a new life cycle. In 2009, the holiday was included in UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, which attests to its significance not only for Central Asia but also for other countries such as Azerbaijan, Iran, India, Pakistan, and Turkey.
This tradition is deeply rooted in the history of the Kyrgyz, one of the oldest ethnic groups in Central Asia. Research, including the works of academician Vasily Bartold, shows that our ancestors celebrated the New Year specifically in March, on the day of the spring equinox. This moment, when day and night are equal, symbolized harmony and balance between light and darkness, which led to the choice of date for the celebration of Nauryz.
Nauryz is not only a concept but also rich traditions that are passed down from generation to generation. Before the holiday, it is customary to clean the house, settle debts, and reconcile with loved ones. An important ritual is "alas" — the fumigation of the home with the smoke of archi (juniper) to cleanse the space of negative energy.
On the eve of Nauryz, containers are filled with milk, grains, and a source of water, symbolizing abundance and well-being. On March 21, people greet each other in a good mood, in clean and, if possible, new clothes, with warm wishes for one another.
With the arrival of Nauryz, the culinary part of the holiday begins. Traditional porridge – Nauryz köjö made from grains is prepared, but the most important dish remains sümölök, made from sprouted wheat. It is cooked for a long time, often all night, turning into a communal event filled with songs, laughter, and a spirit of unity.
The festive table must include seven key components: water, meat, salt, oil, flour, grains, and milk, which serve as symbols of life and prosperity.
Although Nauryz was not officially celebrated during the Soviet period, after gaining independence, it once again became a significant part of cultural identity. Today, March 21 is an official holiday accompanied by folk festivities, fairs, theatrical performances, and equestrian games throughout the country.
In the modern world, Nauryz has become not only a holiday but also a symbol of the unity of the people, respect for one another, and the ability to forgive. It is an event that connects our past and future.
Baibolot Abytov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Institute of Oriental Studies OshSU
