Key Factors:
1. Temperature Influence
Seizures can occur in children aged 6 months to 5 years with a sudden increase in body temperature (38°C and above). This is the most common cause, and such episodes usually pass quickly.
2. Electrolyte Imbalance
A deficiency or excess of essential elements such as salt, potassium, and calcium can also provoke seizures. For example, after diarrhea, in conditions of extreme heat, or with excessive water consumption, the balance in the body is disrupted, leading to muscle spasms.
3. Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
Seizures may occur if a child experiences improper nutrition or excessive physical activity, leading to a drop in blood glucose levels.
4. Neurological and Infectious Diseases
Conditions such as meningitis, encephalitis, head injuries, and epilepsy can cause prolonged or recurring seizures.
5. Reaction to Medications or Poisoning
Allergic reactions to certain medications or poisoning (for example, from food or chemicals) can lead to muscle spasms and seizures.
First Aid for Seizures
- Place the child in a safe location, removing all hard and dangerous objects.
- Support the head and neck by laying them on a soft surface.
- Do not attempt to hold the limbs forcefully.
- Do not put anything in their mouth!
- If the seizures last more than 5–10 minutes, call an ambulance (103).
- After the seizure, check the child's temperature and breathing, and be sure to show them to a doctor.
- Some parents make dangerous mistakes during seizures, such as pressing on the child's chest or putting their hand in the child's mouth — this is extremely incorrect and can cause harm.
The specialist emphasizes the importance of correctly assessing the child's condition, explaining the situation, and measuring the temperature before making a decision about medication treatment. For example, many know about paracetamol, but not everyone knows its correct dosage. Also, improper use of water and covering the child with a hot cloth can worsen their condition.
Lack of medical knowledge among the population is one of the pressing issues. While many parents blame doctors for their children's illnesses, the primary care and attention actually depend on the mother or adults caring for the child. They must know how to feed properly and provide the necessary assistance.
Fortunately, in most cases, there are no serious consequences, and children recover.
