Analysis shows that the amount of penalties rose from 2.49 billion soms in 2020 to 25.30 billion soms in 2024. In the first eight months of 2025, this amount reached 33.84 billion soms, which indicates more than a 13-fold increase.
Fines have also significantly increased: from 0.46 billion soms in 2020 to 5.91 billion soms in 2024, and in the first eight months of 2025, it rose to 9.10 billion soms, which is approximately a 20-fold increase compared to 2020.
The report notes that “insufficient predictability of law enforcement can increase tension between business and the state.”
It also emphasizes the importance of reliable protection of property rights and predictability of regulation, as these factors have a direct impact on investment decisions and long-term planning for businesses.
